I Can Problem Solve (ICPS) Kindergarten and Primary school is a universal school-based program that focuses on enhancing the interpersonal cognitive processes and problem-solving skills of children ages 4-9. ICPS is based on the idea that there is a set of skills that shape how children (as well as adults) behave in interpersonal situations, influencing how they conceptualize their conflicts with others, whether they can think of a variety of solutions to these problems, and whether they can predict the consequences of their own actions. Rather than addressing specific behaviours as right or wrong, ICPS uses games, stories, puppets, illustrations, and role-plays to help children acquire a problem-solving vocabulary, learn to understand their own as well as others' feelings, think of alternative solutions, and think of potential consequences to an act. In turn, ICPS aims to prevent and reduce early high-risk behaviours, such as impulsivity and social withdrawal, and promote prosocial behaviours, such as concern for others and positive peer relationships. A key principle of the program is that the child, not the teacher, must solve the problem at hand. Giving the child this responsibility allows the child to develop the habit of creating solutions to problems, considering the potential consequences of one's actions, and thinking for oneself.
Evidence shows the program is effective in increasing prosocial behaviours and in reducing aggressive behaviours.